Sharm developed as a diving destination from the 1980s and grew rapidly through the 1990s and 2000s into a large resort city.
Ras Mohammed became Egypt's first national park in 1983, which protected the most important reefs early and is a large part of why the diving here remains as good as it does.
The most famous dive here is a ship. The SS Thistlegorm, a British supply vessel sunk by aircraft in 1941 while carrying trucks, motorcycles, rifles and locomotives for the North Africa campaign, lies within day-boat range. Jacques Cousteau dived it in the 1950s, its position then faded from general knowledge, and its rediscovery in the early 1990s gave the Red Sea what is routinely called the best wreck dive in the world.
The Strait of Tiran, where the Gulf of Aqaba narrows against Tiran Island, funnels current across four named reefs — Jackson, Woodhouse, Thomas and Gordon. The current is why the coral is so rich, and why they are dived as drifts.
Naama Bay was the original tourist centre; development has since spread along the coast to Nabq, Sharks Bay and Hadaba.